Horkheimer, Max

Philosopher German 1895 – 1973

Co-founded Frankfurt School and critical theory.

378 quotes

"The exchange of all things produces a leveling of value that destroys the capacity to distinguish genuine goods."
Beauty
"Personality in the administered society becomes a performance of roles assigned by the system of domination."
Freedom
"Without negation, progress becomes mere expansion of the same dominating logic into new domains."
Change
"The culture industry manufactures not meaning but the absence of meaning disguised as entertainment."
Art
"Solidarity must be based on recognition of common suffering rather than abstract principles of justice."
Friendship
"The administered society produces individuals who are simultaneously liberated and enslaved, free and determined."
Power
"Authentic critique requires willingness to think against the grain of all dominant systems and common sense."
Courage
"The reduction of all relationships to exchange relations destroys the basis for genuine human community."
Relationships
"Enlightenment must turn against itself if it is to overcome the barbarism concealed within rationalization."
Philosophy
"The survival of critical thought in the administered world requires increasing vigilance and stubborn refusal."
Perseverance
"Art's last refuge lies in its capacity to say no, to resist, to refuse integration into the system."
Creativity
"The exchange society produces a second nature that appears inevitable and beyond the reach of human will."
"True freedom requires not merely escape from external domination but transformation of dominating reason itself."
"The culture of administered desire produces consumers incapable of imagining alternatives to the existing order."
Technology
"Without utopian dimension, even the most rigorous critique becomes merely description of what is."
Hope
"The liquidation of the subject paradoxically occurs in the name of individual freedom and consumer choice."
"Negative dialectics insists that the whole is false, that total integration is impossible and undesirable."
Philosophy
"The administered world extends domination by creating the illusion of freedom through standardized choice."
Politics