Putnam, Hilary

"Logic is not purely formal; it has content."

"Necessity is not all of one piece."

"There are different kinds of possibility and necessity."

"The analytic-synthetic distinction is untenable."

"Concepts are tools for organizing experience, not mirrors of reality."

"Scientific theories are underdetermined by evidence."

"Explanation does not always require reduction to fundamental particles."

"Emergence is real and cannot be eliminated."

"Multiple realizability shows that mental states are not purely physical."

"The gap between subjective experience and physical properties is not mysterious."

"Consciousness is not something separate from the brain."

"The idea of a perspective-free view of the world is incoherent."

"Objectivity does not require transcending all perspectives."

"Rational belief formation is always from some point of view."

"We should embrace cognitive pluralism about knowledge."

"The search for universal principles often obscures local contexts."

"Meaning changes over time and cannot be fixed once and for all."

"Interpretation is not a mysterious process; it is a normal cognitive activity."

"Understanding requires both rigor and imagination."

"The worst kind of ignorance is not knowing what we don't know."

"Intellectual humility is compatible with rational conviction."

"We must learn to live with indeterminacy and ambiguity."

"Philosophy is not the search for foundations but the clarification of concepts."

"The image of knowledge as a mirror of nature is deeply misleading."

"Science is one perspective among others, though a powerful one."

"The metaphor of the mind as a computer is useful but limited."

"Information cannot be reduced to physical properties."

"Semantics has a normative dimension that cannot be eliminated."

"Convention plays a role in fixing reference and meaning."

"Not all truths are empirically verifiable."