Kuhn, Thomas

"Revolutionary moments reveal that truth is not what we thought it was."

"The scientist must be both skeptic and believer, questioning and committed."

"Paradigm shifts are not rare events but the very engine of scientific progress."

"What we see depends not just on what we look at but on how our past has trained us to look."

"The mature scientist recognizes that his paradigm is both enabling and limiting."

"The transition from one paradigm to another is not a cumulative process, but rather a relatively sudden and unstructured event."

"Discovery commences with the awareness of anomaly."

"Normal science does not aim at novelties of fact or theory and, when successful, finds none."

"Scientific revolutions are not extensions of normal science but ruptures with it."

"The scientist who embraces a new paradigm is like a man wearing inverted lenses."

"Innovation often comes from those willing to question established frameworks."

"What seems revolutionary today becomes the orthodoxy of tomorrow."

"The map is not the territory; our theories are models, not reality itself."

"Communities of scholars create the standards by which knowledge is judged."

"Scientific progress is not a smooth, continuous affair but involves discontinuous jumps."

"We see what we have been trained to see."

"The historian of science may be tempted to suppose that Newton's laws were always there."

"Competing paradigms cannot be compared point by point."

"Science is a highly cumulative enterprise, yet not in the way typically portrayed."

"Anomalies that cannot be accommodated lead eventually to crisis."

"The scientist operates within a web of interconnected beliefs and practices."

"Revolutionary periods in science are moments of profound uncertainty."

"What one generation takes for granted, another must reestablish."

"Nature does not present itself to us uninterpreted."

"Scientific communities are bound by shared commitments to theory, methods, and values."

"The choice between paradigms is a choice between incompatible modes of community life."

"Successive paradigms tell us ever more about the world, but their relation is not one of logical entailment."

"A crisis in science often precedes a breakthrough."

"The textbook version of scientific history distorts the actual process of discovery."

"Normal science is a highly specialized activity undertaken by a narrow group."