Max Horkheimer

Philosopher, Critical Theorist German 1895 – 1973

Co-founder of Frankfurt School and critical theory movement.

373 quotes

"What is not in the exchange system is nothing."
"The world is not a given; it is something we create through our actions."
Creativity
"False needs are created by the culture industry to profit from the masses."
"Enlightenment is democratic; it insists on the universality of human rights."
Justice
"The individual is powerless against the administered world."
Power
"Technology is not neutral; it embodies the interests of those who control it."
Technology
"Happiness is not given; it must be fought for."
Happiness
"The culture industry transforms art into a commodity."
Art
"To be enlightened is to know oneself."
Wisdom
"Materialism is the only honest response to reality."
Philosophy
"The masses do not know what they want because they have been manipulated by the culture industry."
"Freedom requires the material conditions for its realization."
Freedom
"Art that does not critique society is complicit in domination."
Art
"The family is the first school of inequality."
Family
"Those who do not learn the lessons of history are condemned to repeat them."
History
"Reason without passion is impotent; passion without reason is blind."
Philosophy
"The worst enemies of enlightenment are those who believe themselves to be enlightened."
Wisdom
"Capitalism colonizes the lifeworld."
Politics
"True culture is a critical culture."
Education
"The exchange of commodities conceals the exchange of human labor."
"Authenticity is impossible under advanced capitalism."
"The state monopolizes violence and calls it order."
Politics
"To understand society, one must understand its contradictions."
Philosophy
"Art is the memory of suffering."
Art
"The culture industry produces standardized individuals."
"Critique is the task of philosophy."
Philosophy
"Love is the only antidote to domination."
Love
"The administered world leaves no space for spontaneity."
Freedom
"Those who control technology control society."
Technology
"Art must be difficult in order to preserve its integrity."
Art